共同贷款人vs担保人
Kathy Wang
大多伦多地区飞涨的房价和加拿大逐步收紧的贷款政策让更多的购房者在贷款时遇到收入不够或信用不足的问题,为了使贷款顺利获批,贷款人通常会选择增加共同贷款人(Co-borrower)或担保人(Guarantor)来达到申请贷款的目的。那么共同贷款人与担保人的区别在哪里呢?
简单来说,尽管共同贷款人和担保人都对贷款负有偿还义务,但共同贷款人的名字会写在房契上,而担保人的名字则不会写在房契上。
共同贷款人(Co-borrower)
当贷款人的收入不够支持贷款申请的时候,银行可以要求增加一位共同贷款人来一同申请贷款,以弥补收入的不足。这种情况多发生在年轻人首次买房时可能会要求在购房合同上加上父母的名字,与父母一同申请贷款。共同贷款人在贷款的申请上是平等的,而且名字会一起注册在房契上。共同贷款人被要求提供的文件与主贷款人所要求提供的文件是相同的,包括收入证明文件和信用报告等。
共同贷款人对偿还贷款负有与主贷款人同等的义务,尽管他们可能并不是真正每月负责还月供的人,但是一旦主贷款人不能按期还款,偿还义务就会落在共同贷款人身上。所以共同贷款人的权利义务与主贷款人基本是一样的。
请记住,如果在主贷款人收入满足后想要拿掉共同贷款人的名字时,是会产生律师费用的。
担保人(Guarantor)
担保人通常是在贷款人收入合格,但信用状况不太好或还没来得及建立足够信用时被银行要求提供的。 担保人与共同贷款人的最大区别就是他们的名字不在房契上,也就是说他们对物业并没有所有权。担保人为贷款人按时偿还贷款负担保责任,他们会担保在主贷款人违约时提供偿还债务的保障。担保人通常会被要求提供显示财务实力的文件。
此外,如果夫妻中有一方为企业主,为避免生意破产时有可能失去房子的风险,可以选择只保留一个人在房契上(非企业主的一方),而将企业主一方作为贷款担保人。
担保人的条件
担保人通常需要比共同贷款人拥有更高的财务实力,因为在贷款人违约时,担保人承诺承担全部债务。因此,担保人会需要经过仔细审查,例如:接受信用调查,并披露资产、负债和收入状况,等等。
作为担保人,了解你提供担保的贷款人的具体情况非常重要,需要对贷款人还款有信心。在签署担保以前,所有担保人都应寻求独立的房地产交易律师的意见。最好购买债权人保险,以防万一。
贷款申请人与担保人应事前制定还款计划,以便万一需要担保人偿还全部债务时,好预先有个安排。
何时可以解除担保
如果贷款人按时还款并建立了良好的信用,一些银行允许提前解除担保人的义务(通常在12个月以后)。但有时担保人的担保义务可能会持续几年也说不定。担保人一定要理解你所提供的担保义务和期限是什么,并最好与银行直接沟通并了解银行的政策,了解在主贷款人收入增加后,怎样才能够取消担保义务。
同时,在答应做担保人之前,需要想一想自己愿意提供担保的时间期限。如果,他们自己有在几年内买房子、买车或游艇的打算,但因为提供了担保,可能自己在为大笔债务申请贷款时就不合格。所以一定要事先考虑清楚。
(本文仅代表个人观点)
如有问题欢迎随时致电Scotiabank房贷专家Kathy(王雷) 647-291-7958,或加微信kathywl
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